在加州—where 运输 is the largest source of global warming pollution—several key policies are in place to gradu所有y transform vehicles and the 燃料 they use, including the Low Carbon Fuel Standard (or LCFS) and California’s Cap-and-Trade Program.
The two policies complement one another by driving investment and innovation in vehicles, 燃料, infrastructure—and both policies are crucial for achieving California’s climate goals.
什么是低碳燃料标准?
Low carbon fuel standards work by requiring that vehicle 燃料 become cleaner over time. 在加州, 该计划控制燃料的“碳强度”, a measurement of the global warming emissions of a given fuel over its entire lifetime (including production, 运输, 燃烧或使用).
这些标准包括 所有 运输燃料，包括 汽油, 氢, 电; producers must meet the standard by selling sufficiently low-carbon fuel, 或者通过购买其他卖家赚取的积分.
什么是限额交易计划?
California’s Cap-and-Trade Program sets a collective limit (or “cap”) on carbon emissions from 运输 and 电 generation, 其他界别. The cap declines by 3 percent every year; those subject to the cap must hold “所有owances” for their emissions, must either decrease their emissions over time or purchase 所有owances from others.
不同于康文署, California’s Cap-and-Trade Program generates significant revenue, which can be used for various initiatives to reduce emissions, including 运输 projects aimed at communities burdened by pollution from nearby refineries and roads.
它们是如何协同517888九五至尊娱乐的?
就像其他形式的 碳定价美国的总量管制与交易制度有助于确保 化石燃料的成本 是否能更好地反映在行业和消费者的决策中. It’s an efficient, market-based method for lowering emissions and increasing clean energy investment.
However, a carbon price won’t decarbonize California’s 运输 sector by itself. Current 所有owances are too inexpensive—and the oil market too unpredictable—to quickly spur the required innovation. 这就是为什么LCFS如此重要:它 直接 限制燃料的吸热排放, 确保低碳燃料有市场, 不管汽油的价格如何.
Currently, both the LCFS and the Cap-and-Trade Program stop in 2020. Extending the LCFS and some form of 碳定价 to at least 2030 would provide the long-term stability needed for deep, 大幅减少加州的全球变暖污染.
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